Reader Case Research: Plasterer and Social Employee in Manitoba Plan for a Child

Sam and Riley are a married couple dwelling in Winnipeg, Manitoba in Canada together with their canine Bisky and two cats, Theodore and Greta. Sam works as a plasterer and Riley is a social employee at a neighborhood school. The couple, each age 36, hope to have a baby quickly and are questioning find out how to stability that new monetary accountability alongside their present targets of ending up a Masters of Social Work (Riley) and altering careers to grow to be a sprinkler fitter (Sam).

Moreover, they purchased their first residence in June 2022 and are nonetheless settling into the realities–and bills–of residence possession. Sam wrote that they really feel like a whole lot of issues are up within the air in the meanwhile and stated, “We’ve got so many concepts for ourselves however need assistance creating plans to execute them. We wish to do all this stuff as quickly as doable to extend our incomes, pensions, and employment choices, whereas additionally having a baby quickly as we’re each already 36 and feeling the strain on that entrance too.” Be part of me in my a centesimal Case Research as we speak as we assist Riley and Sam plan for his or her future!

A notice on pronouns: Sam makes use of he/him pronouns and Riley makes use of they/them.

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Case Research deal with monetary and life dilemmas that readers of Frugalwoods ship in requesting recommendation. Then, we (that’d be me and YOU, pricey reader) learn by way of their state of affairs and supply recommendation, encouragement, perception and suggestions within the feedback part.

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The Aim Of Reader Case Research

Reader Case Research spotlight a various vary of monetary conditions, ages, ethnicities, areas, targets, careers, incomes, household compositions and extra!

The Case Research sequence started in 2016 and, up to now, there’ve been 99 Case Research. I’ve featured of us with annual incomes starting from $17k to $200k+ and internet worths starting from -$300k to $2.9M+.

I’ve featured single, married, partnered, divorced, child-filled and child-free households. I’ve featured homosexual, straight, queer, bisexual and polyamorous individuals. I’ve featured girls, non-binary of us and males. I’ve featured transgender and cisgender individuals. I’ve had cat individuals and canine individuals. I’ve featured of us from the US, Australia, Canada, England, South Africa, Spain, Finland, the Netherlands, Germany and France. I’ve featured individuals with PhDs and folks with highschool diplomas. I’ve featured individuals of their early 20’s and folks of their late 60’s. I’ve featured of us who stay on farms and people who stay in New York Metropolis.

Reader Case Research Pointers

I in all probability don’t have to say the next since you all are the kindest, most well mannered commenters on the web, however please notice that Frugalwoods is a judgement-free zone the place we endeavor to assist each other, not condemn.

There’s no room for rudeness right here. The aim is to create a supportive atmosphere the place all of us acknowledge we’re human, we’re flawed, however we select to be right here collectively, workshopping our cash and our lives with constructive, proactive recommendations and concepts.

And a disclaimer that I’m not a educated monetary skilled and I encourage individuals to not make severe monetary choices based mostly solely on what one particular person on the web advises. 

I encourage everybody to do their very own analysis to find out the very best plan of action for his or her funds. I’m not a monetary advisor and I’m not your monetary advisor.

With that I’ll let Sam and Riley, as we speak’s Case Research topic, take it from right here!

Sam and Riley’s Story

Hiya, I’m Sam, I’m 36 and I stay with my partner Riley (additionally 36) in Winnipeg, Manitoba in Canada. I used to be a chef and restaurant proprietor till 2019 once I got here to the exhausting realization that I couldn’t proceed in that trade any longer and made the change to grow to be a plasterer. Plastering was meant to be an in-between job till I discovered one thing extra everlasting, however I take pleasure in what I’m doing in the meanwhile. My long-term aim is to modify to sprinkler becoming, because it’s a great union job with a pension and the next price of pay.

Riley is a social employee at a neighborhood school and they’re weighing the feasibility of ending a Masters of Social Work diploma that they accomplished most of between 2015-2019, earlier than dropping out as a result of onset and prognosis of systemic lupus. Riley’s had a few important well being leaves from work since then, additionally because of lupus, and has been lucky to be coated by quick and long-term incapacity insurance coverage by way of their employer. This has resulted in solely small decreases to total earnings (though pension contributions have been paused or diminished since they have been based mostly on employment earnings and never insurance coverage advantages earnings). Total Riley’s well being is comparatively secure now, however there are some challenges; not too long ago they needed to take a number of weeks off because of Covid, which hit them tougher because of their immunosuppressed standing, however they appear to be making a gradual, full restoration.

Riley’s employer authorised an training plan through which they’ll reimburse a portion of the tutoring on completion of their MSW diploma. They’re awaiting closing approval to switch trip time to have sufficient to make use of as a substitute of taking unpaid go away throughout college, so Riley’s earnings ought to keep on the identical stage.

Sam and Riley’s Hobbies

Riley enjoys cross-country snowboarding and we each love driving our bikes and gardening. We attempt to get out tenting once we can in the summertime and revel in seeing stay music infrequently. We care for our nephew, who simply turned 5, each weekend. We’ve got a canine named Bisky, who’s a Shepherd/Husky rescue canine from up North. He’s a handful however retains issues energetic round the home. He’ll be 3 this summer season. We even have two cats, Theodore and Greta. They’re nice singers and like to cuddle. They’re getting older, at ages 14 and 12.

The Wedding ceremony and The Home

Riley and I married in September 2021, in a considerably spur-of-the-moment choice to undergo with a small ceremony, as we had a window of lifted pandemic restrictions and fewer transmission. We gathered a number of of our closest family and friends in a park close to a river and had a beautiful (and inexpensive) wedding ceremony.

We purchased our home in June 2022 and are head over heels for it. It has nice character, a lot of authentic wooden, and an enormous yard with a whole lot of backyard beds. We are able to’t wait to boost a baby collectively in our residence and hope to have a child quickly. We like having associates over for informal get-togethers on the weekend– brunch, bbq, bonfires, and many others.–and it means loads to us that our house is so conducive to internet hosting.

What feels most urgent proper now? What brings you to submit a Case Research?

Proper now there are such a lot of issues up within the air that we really feel a bit twisted up and don’t know precisely the best order through which to do issues.

Riley writes: In 2022 we made a bigger mixed earnings than ever earlier than, and count on to make extra in 2023. We’re coming from durations of going out and in of debt as we struggled to handle bills on decrease incomes. Happily, the debt by no means turned unmanageable and we have been capable of make the most of low-interest stability transfers to pay it off rapidly. We managed to start out saving starting in 2020-2021 when Sam shifted to plastering work and I elevated from 4 to five days every week of labor.

That helped us with the down cost and prices to purchase our residence, however we nonetheless principally worn out our financial savings shopping for the home and went briefly into debt from shifting bills. Not the neatest transfer, however thankfully we’ve got rapidly paid off these money owed and are slowly rebuilding our financial savings once more. Our automobile was totaled this fall, and it turned out to be a monetary alternative for us as we have been capable of take the insurance coverage cash from the automobile, repay our automobile mortgage, and purchase a decrease value automobile we might afford outright, whereas nonetheless having some cash leftover.

I believe that was a big shift in our considering as we made the tough option to downgrade our automobile for the sake of not having a automobile cost any extra.

It’s saving us a number of hundred {dollars} a month. We wish to look forward now that we’ve reached the large milestone of shopping for a home, and set some larger saving, funding, and retirement targets for the primary time in our lives. Clarifying our targets will assist encourage us to maintain making frugal and sensible monetary choices.

Sam writes: I wish to make a profession change however that may imply much less cash for a number of years as I begin out as an apprentice once more. It’s going to take about 2-3 years to make the identical earnings I’ve now, and about 4-5 years to achieve journeyperson standing and max out the earnings for the commerce. It will likely be price it in the long term, particularly to modify to a union job with an employer-matched pension.

Riley desires to finish their MSW which can imply extra pupil debt. Nevertheless, their work will reimburse a portion of the tutoring upon completion of the MSW.

Beginning a Household

We wish to have a baby, which suggests parental leaves from work and diminished incomes (we wish to take near a yr off). The Canadian authorities Employment Insurance coverage (EI) supplies 15 weeks of go away for the mum or dad giving beginning, and as much as 40 weeks of normal parental advantages that may be cut up between each dad and mom (55% of earnings to a max of $650/week).

We’re taking a look at beginning IVF by the top of the summer season if we’re not pregnant by then; the remedy prices of $5,000-$6,000 could be coated at 80% by Sam’s medical insurance; the opposite prices could be round $14k. There’s a provincial fertility tax credit score that may return 40% of the price to us; we will additionally declare medical bills on our federal taxes however it might reimburse a smaller quantity (the lesser of three% of internet earnings, or $2,479). We’ve got an unused line of credit score with $10,000 accessible to assist with the upfront prices.

Riley’s employer additionally tops up their earnings to 90% (together with the EI profit) for 17 weeks. If Riley turns into pregnant quickly, they’d be in class once they have the newborn. The implications of which might be: the employer top-up could be diminished as a result of it might be 90% of the 80% earnings throughout college. The EI could also be much less relying on the timing; EI takes your finest paid 22 weeks from the final yr to find out the earnings the profit relies on. And we’d want some further assist to permit Riley to complete this system with a new child, and it’s actually exhausting to foretell how the postpartum interval will go. However we do have associates who stay close by and household who would have the ability to assist loads. If Riley goes again to high school, tuition will take a few of our financial savings that may in any other case go towards supplementing our earnings throughout parental leaves, and their earnings will probably be a bit much less throughout college so we will probably be saving much less throughout that point.

The frenzy to finish the MSW is as a result of beforehand accomplished credit are beginning to stale-date, and need to be assessed for forex.

If Riley can full the diploma in 2023-24, only some programs must be re-assessed (and repeated if not discovered to be present). If extra time goes on, extra programs must be assessed. So, it feels just like the final probability to finish this diploma. If not, they might return to high school to re-do it or do a unique grasp’s program someday sooner or later. The motivation is to have extra confidence in making an attempt new roles of their present job and to have extra job choices in the event that they wish to make a job change sooner or later.

Retirement Plans

We wish to retire as quickly as we will. Though realistically, we count on that gained’t be tremendous early based mostly on the place we’re ranging from, however even age 55 or 60 could be good to goal for. We do our greatest to maintain our bills low and stay a frugal life-style.

I suppose that is the place you are available in. We’ve got so many concepts for ourselves however need assistance creating plans to execute them. We wish to do all this stuff as quickly as doable to extend our incomes, pensions, and employment choices, whereas additionally having a baby quickly as we’re each already 36 and feeling the strain on that entrance too.

Different short-medium time period bills are that our getting old cats might begin to have further prices, a automobile substitute (hopefully the Mazda can dangle in there one other 3-5 years) and dental surgical procedure for Riley (not pressing however within the subsequent 1-2 yrs, about $2,000-$3,000).

We not too long ago purchased a brand new bike for Riley and a second-hand trail-along bike for our nephew for a complete of $900. Riley’s been biking to work and we’ve been taking our nephew on bike rides each weekend.

What’s the very best a part of your present life-style/routine?

We aren’t underneath any main pressures and we stay a fairly relaxed life-style. We’ve fine-tuned our routines round cooking, chores, and attending to mattress on time. We love having fun with summertime outdoor in our yard gardening, chilling on the entrance porch, tenting, and biking across the metropolis visiting with family and friends. A number of associates stay in our neighborhood and it’s good and central within the metropolis, simple to stroll, bike, and bus to many locations. Plus, a number of automobile co-op (short-term rental) vehicles are situated inside a ten minute stroll, which permits us to stay a one-car family.

Though we don’t have a lot financial savings or a transparent plan for the long run but, it feels nice to not have an excessive amount of debt hanging over us and the power to have a few of our spending align with our values, similar to buying our meat, eggs, a few of our veggies, and far of our grains/beans from native CSAs. Though rates of interest went up greater than anticipated after we purchased our residence, we have been capable of change our variable price mortgage to a set price for peace of thoughts, and it nonetheless feels inexpensive for us. We are able to see ourselves dwelling right here for a very long time and that feels actually good.

What’s the worst a part of your present life-style/routine?

We really feel some anxiousness once we need or have to extend purchases as a result of we don’t have the saving buffer we all know we want. We’d like to have the ability to journey a bit extra and go to family and friends in different components of the nation. We’d prefer to really feel much less monetary strain about purchases that enhance our high quality of life, similar to Riley getting acupuncture and taking some dietary supplements that assist their well being, or sending Bisky to doggie daycare as soon as every week so we will have a barely much less hectic Saturday with our nephew.

Riley’s bus commute just isn’t excellent on the coldest winter days however since it’s only twice every week it’s tolerable. Riley’s job might be unpredictable and hectic at occasions. Sam doesn’t have trip time however will get trip pay added to every pay cheque, nevertheless it finally ends up getting handled as common earnings and so he hardly ever takes “trip” time. It might be good to take every week or two off collectively a pair occasions a yr.

The place Sam and Riley Wish to be in Ten Years:

1) Funds:

• We’d prefer to have sizable, snug financial savings accessible for home repairs/upgrades, emergencies, automobile repairs/substitute, pet emergencies, and many others.
• We’d prefer to improve our kitchen and perhaps improve our out of doors gear, similar to our cross-country skis and bikes.
• We don’t wish to be careworn about anticipated or surprising prices.
• We’d prefer to have a clearer concept of our goal age for retirement and be setting apart more money to permit us to retire doubtlessly forward of receiving our CPP, OAS, and employer pensions at age 65.

2)    Life-style:

• Typically, not too completely different from now.
• Hopefully, we may have a baby who we will probably be taking to festivals and tenting in the summertime, and doing out of doors actions like skating and cross-country snowboarding within the winter.
• We’d prefer to journey exterior our province each 1-2 years to go to family and friends.

3)    Profession:

• Sam needs to be well-established in a unionized commerce job as a journeyperson. This may imply having trip time and pretty common hours, in addition to rising his earnings by $30k or extra yearly vs. his present earnings.
• Riley could also be content material to remain of their present place as they benefit from the work/office total, the pay is first rate, and there’s nonetheless about $14k left of development on their wage band. Nevertheless, they might want to transfer into extra coverage/administrative work or different sorts of management work of their subject.

Sam and Riley’s Funds

Earnings

Mortgage Particulars

Money owed

Property

Autos

Bills

Credit score Playing cards

Anticipated Social Safety & Pensions

Sam and Riley’s Questions for You:

1. 

   Is it financially doable and prudent for Riley to return to finish their MSW this fall, even whereas we try for a child?

2. When is the very best time for Sam to drag the set off on switching careers?
   • Ought to we wait till after having a child/ending parental leaves to maintain his earnings secure till then? What if we aren’t capable of have a child or it takes some time to conceive?
   • We’re longing for Sam to modify so he can get to the elevated pay that will probably be only a few years away, and to be paying right into a pension sooner. However, we’re additionally nervous concerning the short-term earnings lower.
3. The place can we begin to get on monitor with getting a clearer image of our retirement potentialities and beginning to work towards them?
   • We haven’t made intentional efforts on this space but since we’ve been targeted on saving for the home and paying off debt.
   • Ought to we repay the vitality mortgage (our solely debt with curiosity proper now) or maintain making minimal funds to maintain additional cash accessible till we work out college/child/Sam’s profession change?
   • Ought to we maintain saving to our emergency financial savings account till we’ve got a 3-6 month expense quantity? Then what? Ought to Riley begin making the optionally available further 2% contribution to their employer pension – or ought to that additionally wait till after child/college/Sam’s job?
4. We all know we will pull in our spending a bit extra, the place would you counsel we attempt to focus our efforts on that entrance?

Liz Frugalwoods’ Suggestions

I commend Sam and Riley for pulling all of this info collectively and taking a pause to iron out their subsequent steps. I believe it’s noteworthy they’re doing this sort of in-depth monetary–and life–evaluation on the precipice of so many potential life adjustments. Very nicely performed! Alrighty, let’s bounce proper in.

Sam’s Query #1: Is it financially doable and prudent for Riley to return to finish their MSW this fall, even whereas we try for a child?

I’m of a number of minds about this, however what retains popping to the forefront for me is that in the event that they actually wish to have a child, they need to simply begin making an attempt. Fertility doesn’t precisely enhance with age–nor does one’s vitality for parenthood–and I’m all the time hesitant to counsel that somebody of their late 30’s delay beginning to attempt. Plus, I don’t suppose there’s ever a ‘excellent’ time to have a child. There are definitely much less optimum moments, however Sam and Riley are in a secure monetary place, have a loving marriage and, most significantly, a robust need to grow to be dad and mom. What extra might an toddler need?

→My actual questions right here focus on Riley finishing their MSW:

1) Is there a direct, measurable, recognized wage enhance/superior job place/new profession choice that’ll grow to be accessible as soon as Riley has an MSW?

It wasn’t clear to me if that is so. If it’s not the case, why do the MSW? I’m the proud proprietor of a grasp’s diploma that I’ve by no means as soon as used or wanted and I want I’d performed this meticulous calculation earlier than the blood, sweat and tears (LOTS of tears) of going to grad college whereas working full-time. In the event you don’t have to do that, why do that to your self? In the event you’re not going to see a right away and straight correlated wage enhance, why do it?

However, if there’s a measurable distinction, go for it! It feels like Riley’s accomplished credit will expire in the event that they don’t end the diploma quickly, so it looks like it might take advantage of sense to complete it now. I’ll say that going to grad college whereas parenting an toddler AND working doesn’t sound tenable (no less than, to not me), so I warning in opposition to assuming that’ll work. If, nonetheless, Riley can full their MSW earlier than a child is born, that may positively be a mark in favor of getting began ASAP.

2) How a lot is the monetary burden?

Sam wrote that Riley’s employer would reimburse a portion of tuition after the MSW is completed and that Riley’s earnings would stay the identical throughout college. In gentle of that, I’m curious what the precise whole value for the rest of the diploma will probably be? They’ve the monetary flexibility to pay for this diploma–relying on how a lot it’ll value.

Sam’s Query #2: When is the very best time for Sam to drag the set off on switching careers?

Since there’s a direct pathway to an elevated earnings and extra secure profession path, it looks like Sam ought to get began on this transition immediately. Whereas it’s not excellent to make a bunch of adjustments directly, it’s additionally true that there’s no time like the current. Since this can be a years-long course of, delaying it for an “simpler” time doesn’t appear doable. It’s not going to be simpler when you may have an toddler. It’s not going to be simpler when you may have a toddler. It’s not going to get simpler at any near-term future level, so may as nicely dive in now.

To the query on the potential for diminished earnings, the excellent news is that Sam and Riley can handle this by decreasing their bills. Let’s discover how they may make that occur!

Sam’s Query #4: We all know we will pull in our spending a bit extra, the place would you counsel we attempt to focus our efforts on that entrance?

Anytime an individual desires to spend much less, I encourage them to outline all of their bills as Fastened, Reduceable or Discretionary:

• Fastened bills are belongings you can not change. Examples: your mortgage and debt funds.
• Reduceable bills are essential for human survival, however you management how a lot you spend on them. Examples: groceries and gasoline for the vehicles.
• Discretionary bills are issues that may be eradicated completely. Examples: journey, haircuts, consuming out.

Sam & Riley’s present annual take-home pay: $88,870

– Their present annual bills: $73,872

= $14,998

It is a nice financial savings price and it’s allowed them to construct their emergency fund again up after shopping for a home. Nevertheless, if Sam’s earnings diminished by greater than that distinction, they’ll want to cut back their bills. The excellent news is that they’ve a whole lot of discretionary line gadgets, which suggests they’ve a whole lot of flexibility in the place/how they make up the distinction.

To be clear, I’m not advocating for this funds or implying that they SHOULD make all of those reductions. Somewhat, it’s an illumination of the room they’ve to cut back their spending if they need to so as to allow Sam to alter careers, to take parental go away and/or to pay for Riley’s MSW. The purpose of this train is as an example how a lot flexibility they’ve of their month-to-month spending, which is an effective factor! The place and what they determine to cut back/get rid of is completely as much as them. This spreadsheet will get them began on figuring out the place they will reduce.

After they have Sam’s new wage in hand in addition to Riley’s MSW prices and any potential IVF charges, they will comb by way of their bills and determine what they’d prefer to get rid of or cut back.

Don’t Take On Extra Debt

One factor I warning Sam and Riley in opposition to is taking over debt to cowl any of those upcoming prices. It appears this may increasingly have been a behavior previously and it’s a straightforward one to fall again into. However it’s not sustainable, secure or smart. Riley talked about utilizing a line of credit score for his or her IVF prices and, whereas I don’t know the parameters or rate of interest related to that, I as a substitute encourage them to cut back their spending so as to pay money for what they want. This brings me to my subsequent suggestion to:

Pay Off The Vitality Mortgage for Central Air

This mortgage is barely $3,828.05, nevertheless it has an rate of interest of seven.7%!!! If Riley and Sam diminished their spending per the above for simply 2.5 months, they’d save up sufficient money to pay this off in full! Simply do it.

Since Riley’s pupil loans in addition to Sam’s RRSP mortgage are at mounted, everlasting 0% rates of interest, there’s no purpose to pay these off forward of schedule. However, it completely is sensible to dispense with the vitality mortgage as quickly as doable.

Sam’s Query #3: The place can we begin to get on monitor with getting a clearer image of our retirement potentialities and beginning to work towards them?

1) Fill the Emergency Fund First: $16,552

Sam is spot on that they need to first refill their emergency fund to a full three to 6 months price of their spending. Between their three money/checking accounts, they have already got $16,552 saved up, which is fantastic! At their present spending price of $6,156 per 30 days, they need to goal an emergency fund of $18,468 to $36,936. Nevertheless, in the event that they determine to cut back their spending, they will commensurately cut back their emergency fund whole.

2) Then Save Extra Money

Whereas Sam is appropriate that they need to start to avoid wasting and make investments extra for retirement, they’re at a real juncture proper now with many potential adjustments on the horizon. And one factor that makes adjustments simpler? Having a money cushion. Sam and Riley are doubtlessly going through:

1. Prices for conceiving a baby
2. Prices related to being pregnant/beginning/an toddler (they’re notoriously unreliable and costly)
3. Prices for Riley’s MSW
4. Decreased earnings for Sam whereas he modifies careers

That’s a whole lot of balls–monetary and in any other case–to have within the air directly! If it have been me, I might begin spending loads much less each month and stash that cash in a high-yield financial savings account. That manner, I’d have the ability to cope with any and the entire above bills.

3) Subsequent, Save for Retirement

As soon as these 4 variables settle out and Sam and Riley have a stable grasp on their new bills and life with their child, they will flip their consideration to rising their retirement investments.

I encourage them to not wait too lengthy for this since they’ll wish to reap the advantages of remaining invested out there for a lot of a long time earlier than they should withdraw the cash to stay on in retirement.

Abstract of Suggestions:

1. Decide the monetary foundation for Riley finishing their MSW:
   1. Whether it is certainly going to result in new profession alternatives–and the next wage–go for it and don’t delay so that you just don’t lose any of your current credit score hours.
   2. If Riley’s profession and wage will stay the identical, think about very rigorously if it’s well worth the time, stress and expense.

2. 

   If you wish to be dad and mom, get began immediately:

   1. Fertility just isn’t a type of issues that improves with age.
3. Have Sam look into beginning his profession transition coaching now:
   1. No time like the current, particularly if you’re prepared to…
4. Cut back Bills and Save The Money:
   1. You will have a whole lot of discretionary and reduceable spending classes, which suggests you may have a whole lot of choices for decreasing your month-to-month bills.
   2. Trimming right here and there’ll allow you to simply stay on a diminished earnings, refill your emergency fund and have the money to pay for different main bills, similar to IVF.
   3. And keep in mind: you don’t need to get rid of/cut back these bills without end. Only for now as you navigate this transition interval.
5. Repay the Vitality Mortgage:
   1. You possibly can have this paid off in underneath 3 months if you happen to cut back your spending per the above suggestions.
6. Don’t Tackle Extra Debt:
   1. You’re SO CLOSE to being debt-free (apart from the 0% pupil & RRSP loans and your mortgage). Don’t let your self slip again right into a debt/payoff/debt cycle once more. Save up the cash to pay money for IVF and no matter else you may want.
7. Make investments Extra For Retirement:
   1. As soon as issues have settled down when it comes to turning into dad and mom, Riley’s MSW and Sam’s profession change, begin saving and investing extra for retirement.
   2. Hold your more money in money for now as you navigate all of those adjustments.
8. Hold us Posted!
   1. Amongst different issues, we demand child photos.

Okay Frugalwoods nation, what recommendation do you may have for Sam and Riley? We’ll all reply to feedback, so please be at liberty to ask questions!

Would you want your personal Case Research to look right here on Frugalwoods? Apply to be an on-the-blog Case Research topic right here. Rent me for a non-public monetary session right here. Schedule an hourlong or 30-minute name with me, refer a pal to me right here, schedule a free 15-minute name to be taught extra or e-mail me with questions (liz@frugalwoods.com).